Tag Archive for: grondwaterpeil

Findings

Scientific Papers

The Scientific Papers that the NOBV has published can be found on this page.

Drivers and annual totals of methane emissions from Dutch Peatlands

In the NOBV, not only CO2 emissions from peatlands are meseared, but also emissions of the greenhouse gases methane and nitrous oxide. The measurements of methane emissions under different land uses have been published in a scientific article entitled “Drivers and annual totals of methane emissions from Dutch Peatlands.” Measurements were taken at various locations and over several years using Eddy Covariance (EC) towers to visualize the variation between years and between land uses. The measurements show that average methane emissions were highest at wet natural sites with groundwater levels above or just below ground level and lowest at agricultural grasslands.

Authors: Alexander J.V. Buzacott (VU), Bart Kruijt (WUR), Laurent Bataille (WUR), Quint van Giersbergen (RUN), Tom S. Heuts (RUN), Christian Fritz (RUN), Reinder Nouta (Wetterskip Fryslân), Gilles Erkens (Deltares/UU), Jim Boonman (VU), Merit van den Berg (VU), Jacobus van Huissteden, Ype van der Velde (VU)

> Read the paper here.

Monitoring long-term peat subsidence with subsidence platens in Zegveld, The Netherlands

This paper, written by a team of researchers from Wageningen Environmental Research and Deltares, is based on data from the NOBV (Dutch Institute for Peat Soil Research) and 50 years of field measurements. In Zegveld, subsidence plates were installed in a plot with a low ditch water level in 1970 and in a plot with a high ditch water level in 1973. The plates were placed at seven different depths, allowing researchers to investigate where subsidence occurs within the peat profile. The height of both the plates and the soil surface was measured annually at the end of winter by surveyors. This provided a time series (up to 2023) of soil height data, which have now been analyzed.

Authors: Harry T. Massop (WENR), Rudi Hessel (WENR), Jan J.H. van den Akker (WENR), Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares), Gilles Erkens (Deltares), Paul A. Gerritsen (WENR), Frank H.G.A. Gerritsen (WENR)

> Read the paper here.

A Bayesian inference approach to determine experimental Typha latifolia paludiculture greenhouse gas exchange measured with eddy covariance

One of the methods used at the NOBV to measure greenhouse gas emissions from peat soils is the Eddy Covariance (EC) tower. An EC tower measures emissions over an area of approximately one hectare. This study focuses on EC measurements of cattails at the NOBV site in Zegveld.

Authors: Alexander J.V. Buzacott (VU), Merit van den Berg (VU), Bart Kruijt (WUR), Jeroen Pijlman (Louis Bolk Instituut), Chrisitan Fritz (RUN), Pascal Wintjen (TNO), Ype van der Velde (VU)

> Read the paper here.

CO2 emissions of drained coastal peatlands in the Netherlands and potential emission reduction by water infiltration systems

What is the relationship between groundwater levels and CO2 emissions in Dutch peat meadow areas, and to what extent are water infiltrations systems effective in reducing emissions? This paper was published in Biogeosciences.

Authors: Ralf Aben (RUN), Daniel van de Craats (WENR), Jim Boonman (VU), Stijn Peeters (RUN), Bart Vriend (VU), Coline Boonman (RUN), Ype van der Velde (VU), Gilles Erkens (Deltares/UU), Merit van den berg (VU)

> Read the paper here.

Effects of subsurface water infiltration systems on land movement dynamics in Dutch peat meadows

Large-scale drainage and exploitation of peatlands over the past centuries has resulted in significant land subsidence and CO2 emissions due to peat degradation caused by microbial activity, shrinkage, and soil compaction. To reduce CO2 emissions and land subsidence in drained peatlands, subsurface water infiltration systems (WIS) are expected to be a suitable measure. This study evaluated the effects of WIS on seasonal vertical ground movements, based on field measurements from five locations in Dutch peat meadows, for the years 2021 and 2022.

Authors: Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares), Gilles Erkens (Deltares/UU), Christian Fritz (RUN), Rudi Hessel (WENR), Jan J.H. van den Akker (WENR)

> Read the paper here.

Drainage effects on carbon budgets of degraded peatlands in the north of the Netherlands

Peatlands can store large amounts of carbon. However, drainage for land use leads to peat oxidation, resulting in CO2 emissions. This study used mobile chamber systems in the Northern Netherlands to investigate the regional causes of CO2 emissions. Carbon budgets were estimated for a total of 13 grassland sites in Friesland.

Authors: Thomas P.A. Nijman (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen), Quint van Giersbergen (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen), Tom S. Heuts (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen), Reinder Nouta (Wetterskip Fryslân), Coline C.F. Boonman (Wageningen University), Mandy Velthuis (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen), Bart Kruijt (Wageningen University), Ralf C.H. Aben (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen), Christian Fritz (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen)

> Read the paper here.

Transparent automated CO2 flux chambers reveal spatial and temporal patterns of net carbon fluxes from managed peatlands

How do we measure CO2 emissions from peat soils? At the NOBV, we use three different methods: automatic chamber measurements that cover an area of approximately one square meter, Eddy Covariance (EC) towers that measure emissions over a larger area (approximately one hectare), and aircraft measurements taken over a large area (hundreds of hectares). All three systems are used in the research program, but the results have not yet been compared in detail. This study compares the insights provided by the automatic chamber measurements with those obtained using an EC tower.

Authors: Jim Boonman (VU), Alexander J.V. Buzacott (VU), Merit van den Berg (VU), Corine van Huissteden (VU), Ype van der Velde (VU)

> Read the paper here.

Rewetting drained peatlands through subsoil infiltration stabilises redox-dependent soil carbon and nutrient dynamics

Centuries of drainage have stimulated peat degradation in Dutch peat meadow areas. To counteract the resulting increase in greenhouse gas emissions and land subsidence, passive and active water infiltration systems (WIS) have been developed to rewet peat meadow areas. In this study, we investigated the effects of WIS systems on groundwater levels, pore water composition, and redox potential in four drained peatlands in the Netherlands to determine how they influence soil processes, particularly carbon and nutrient dynamics.

Authors: Sarah Faye Harpenslager (B-Ware), Gijs van Dijk (B-Ware), Jim Boonman (VU), Stefan T.J. Weideveld (B-Ware), Bas van der Riet (B-Ware), Mariet M. Hefting (VU), Alfons J.P. Smolders (B-Ware)

> Read the paper here.

Physiological processes affecting methane transport by wetland vegetation – A review

Plants in wetlands possess traits that allow them to transport oxygen to their roots while simultaneously transporting methane (CH4) from the sediment to the atmosphere. The contribution of these vegetation-driven emissions to total wetland methane emissions is uncertain. To accurately quantify these emissions, it is important to understand the physiological processes that drive plant-mediated methane transport. This review describes the current state of knowledge regarding methane transport by trees and plants in wetlands.

Authors: R.J.E. Vroom ((Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen), M. van den Berg (Vrije Universiteit), S.R. Pangala (Lancaster University) O.E. van der Scheer (Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen), B.K. Sorrell (Aarhus University)

> Read the paper here.

Redox potential is a robust indicator for decomposition processes in drained agricultural peat soils: A valuable tool in monitoring peatland wetting efforts

Because aerobic oxidation (oxidation with oxygen, above the groundwater level) accounts for the largest share of net peat decomposition, anaerobic oxidation (without oxygen) often remains understudied. In this NOBV study, all forms of oxidation in peat soils were successfully mapped using redox sensors. Using these sensors, we learned how soil processes vary from location to location and how these processes change after submerged drainage systems are installed: for example, the depletion of iron and sulfate reserves in the soil increases the risk of methane formation, especially near submerged drains. This study also revealed that oxygen penetration into the soil is often limited at low groundwater levels.

Authors: Jim Boonman (VU), Sarah Faye Harpenslager (B-Ware), Gijs van Dijk (B-Ware), Alfons J.P. Smolders (B-Ware), Mariet M. Hefting (VU), Bas van der Riet (B-Ware), Ype van der Velde (VU)

> Read the paper here.

Cutting peatland CO2 emissions with water management practices

In October 2022, the first NOBV scientific article, titled “Cutting peatland CO2 emissions with water management practices,” was accepted for publication in the Journal of Biogeosciences. The article discusses a new method for simulating peat degradation based on soil moisture and temperature.

Authors: Jim Boonman (Vrije Universiteit), Mariet M. Hefting(Universiteit Utrecht), Corine J. A. van Huissteden(Vrije Universiteit), Merit van den Berg (Vrije Universiteit), Jacobus (Ko) van Huissteden(Vrije Universiteit), Gilles Erkens (Deltares), Roel Melman (Deltares), and Ype van der Velde (Vrije Universiteit)

> Read the paper here.

Probabilistic Estimation of InSAR Displacement Phase Guided by Contextual Information and Artificial Intelligence

The NOBV is working closely with the NWA-LOSS (Living on Soft Soils) research program and the Groene Hart Regional Deal on Soil Subsidence to prepare InSAR data for determining soil subsidence in peat meadow areas. PhD Philip Conroy (Delft University of Technology/NWA-LOSS) wrote a paper on the use of InSAR for monitoring soil movement in Dutch peatlands, titled “Probabilistic Estimation of InSAR Displacement Phase Guided by Contextual Information and Artificial Intelligence.”

Authors: Philip Conroy (TU Delft), Simon A.N. van Diepen (TU Delft), Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares), Gilles Erkens (Deltares), Freek J. van Leijen (TU Delft), Ramon F. Hanssen (TU Delft)

> Read the paper here.

Verticale beweging van de veenbodem: meettechnieken en ervaringen te Zegveld

This article presents the initial results of the measured vertical ground movement from two different measuring systems at Zegveld (Utrecht). The measuring systems differ in the positions, types of anchors, and sensors used to record the ground movement. One measuring system (extensometer) uses anchors at various depths in the ground, while the other (VSM sensor) uses a grid placed on the surface. The ground moves up and down in the order of centimeters. Combined with satellite data, both measuring systems can play a significant role in addressing the subsidence task in the peat meadow area.

Authors: Dion van Deijl (KnowH2O), Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares), Gilles Erkens (Deltares), Bernard Voortman (Moisture Matters), Gé van den Eertwegh (KnowH2O)

> Read the paper here.

Monitoring Shallow Subsidence in Cultivated Peatlands

Accurate monitoring of shallow soil subsidence in peat meadow areas is a major challenge. To design and test a system for monitoring soil subsidence in peat meadows, four methods for measuring soil subsidence are applied and evaluated in a peat meadow area in Overijssel, namely: spirit leveling, measuring with an extensometer, LiDAR, and InSAR. This article focuses on the methods and measurements of spirit levels and extensometers.

Authors: Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares), Gilles Erkens (Deltares, Universiteit Utrecht), Francis de Graaf (Waterschap Drents Overijsselse Delta)

> Read the paper here.

The relation between land subsidence and CO2 emissions in peatlands

When using land subsidence data to estimate CO₂ emissions from drained peatlands, two crucial factors must be considered:

not all land subsidence is due to microbial decomposition of peat, and
a conversion factor is needed to convert land subsidence (a change in volume) into CO₂ emissions (a change in mass).

This article assesses how previous studies have addressed these two factors and supplements existing knowledge and experience with new data and insights gathered in recent years.

Authors: Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares), Gilles Erkens (Deltares/Universiteit Utrecht)

> Read the article here.

Knowledge exchange venture

The NOBV organises the Peatlands Greenhouse Gas Knowledge Exchange Venture, in collaboration with the National Soil Subsidence Knowledge Programme (NKB). The objective of the Knowledge Exchange Venture is to exchange knowledge on greenhouse gas emissions from peat soils. Each meeting focuses on one specific aspect of the research. Obviously there is also room for discussion and questions. Are you interested in taking part? Send an email to info@nobveenweiden.nl or subscribe to the NOBV’s newsletter. Want to know more about the NKB’s Knowledge Exchange Ventures? Take a look at the website.

Knowledge exchange venture 30 May 2022: measurements with eddy covariance, nitrous oxide measurements, spatial variation, scaling up and aircraft measurements

The knowledge exchange venture of 30 May took place in collaboration with the National Soil Subsidence Knowledge Program (NKB), Wageningen University (WU) and TNO.

>> Click here to watch this Knowledge Exchange Venture

Bart Kruijt, researcher at WU in the field of climate change, carbon cycle, land-atmosphere interactions and the Amazon, discussed measuring the variation in CO2 and methane emissions with fixed and mobile eddy covariance;
Researcher Arnoud Frumau of TNO explained nitrous oxide measurements using eddy covariance and advanced equipment;
Ronald Hutjes, associate professor of land use-climate interactions at WU, zoomed in on integrating measurements between the plot and landscape scale with the aircraft measurements that WU performs within the NOBV.

Knowledge exchange venture 28 maart: mobile measurements, biochemical processes, nitrogen and the carbon cycle and innovations in measuring equipment

>> Watch this Knowledge exchange venture here

Junior researcher Tom Heuts and Reinder Nouta, project leader and researcher at Wetterskip Fryslan, explained the mobile measurements that the RUN performs within the NOBV.
Researcher Christian Fritz and Fons Smolder, professor by special appointment of biogeochemistry, discussed biochemical processes, nitrogen and the carbon cycle.
Post-doc researcher Ralf Aben, together with PhD student Judith van der Knaap, zoomed in on locations where Radboud University conducts research and on innovations in the field of measuring equipment.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 27 September 2022: subsidence research, modeling with SWAP-ANIMO, peat columns and nitrous oxide measurements

The Knowledge Exchange Venture on 27 September took place in collaboration with the National Soil Subsidence Knowledge Programme (NKB) and Wageningen Environmental Research (WENR). >> Click here to watch the Knowledge Exchange Venture.

Soil, Water and Land Use researcher Rudi Hessel gave a brief explanation of the NOBV measurement sites in Zegveld and Lange Weide;
Hydrology researcher Harry Massop zoomed in on the ongoing subsidence research performed by WENR in Zegveld as part of the NOBV, and on the connection between subsidence processes and greenhouse gas emissions;
Soil physics and mechanics researcher Jan van den Akker examined modelling with SWAP-ANIMO, and PhD candidate Erne Blondeau discussed the peat column experiments that are being carried out for modelling purposes;
Finally, PhD candidate Jordy van ‘t Hull gave an explanation of the nitrous oxide measurements that WENR carries out within the NOBV.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 7 June 2021: Microbial processes in the soil that lead to peat degradation

In the Knowledge Exchange Venture on 7 June 2021 in collaboration with Utrecht University and B-Ware, we discussed microbial processes in the soil that result in peat decomposition. What processes take place in the soil, and what are the variables that play a role in these? Researchers Mariet Hefting (Utrecht University), Gijs van Dijk (B-Ware) and Laura Knops (Utrecht University) took the participants through these soil processes and explained the effect they have on emissions. The participants were given a peek into Utrecht University’s lab via a vlog by Laura Knops. Naturally there was time for discussion and questions as well.

>> Click here to watch this Knowledge Exchange Venture.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 15 March 2021: soil subsidence in relation to greenhouse gas emissions in peat meadow areas

In the Knowledge Exchange Venture of 15 March 2021, we collaborated with Deltares and TU Delft to discuss subsidence in relation to greenhouse gas emissions in peatland.

>> Click here to watch the Knowledge Exchange Venture.

Gilles Erkens, researcher at Deltares and leader of the NOBV research consortium, zoomed in on the connection between soil subsidence processes and greenhouse gas emissions in peatland;
Researcher Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares) examined the measurement of soil movement, various measurement methods, and the initial measurement results and findings;
We went into the field for a look at a soil sampling at one of the research sites, and also to the lab where the sampling, peat description and compression tests are carried out. Click here to watch the video.
Finally, Ramon Hanssen, Professor of Geodesy (surveying) and Satellite Earth Observation at TU Delft, gave an explanation of the use of InSAR in peatland.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 14 December 2020: hydrology, Peatland-VU model and the effects of water management and the (climatic and hydrological) environment on conditions for microbes

On 14 December 2020, we organised an online Knowledge Exchange Venture in collaboration with VU Amsterdam.

>> Click here to watch this Knowledge Exchange Venture.

Issues covered in this edition:

Researcher Ype van der Velde (VU Amsterdam) gave an overview of the research currently undertaken by VU Amsterdam on the effects that measures have on greenhouse gas emissions;
Ko van Huissteden (VU Amsterdam) discussed the Peatland-VU model and the complexity of modelling CO₂ and methane fluxes from the soil;
PhD candidate Jim Boonman (VU Amsterdam) zoomed in on his research into the effects of water management and the (climatological and hydrological) environment on conditions for microbes, in order to evaluate the vulnerability of peat soils. For his presentation, Jim Boonman also made a vlog from the field. You can view it here.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 29 June 2020
The first session of the Peatlands Greenhouse Gas Knowledge Exchange Venture was held on 29 June 2020, organised by STOWA, NOBV and the NKB. You can view the session here. Click here to see the vlogs.

What issues were covered in this edition?

Pui Mee Chan, Knowledge Exchange Venture leader and NOBV programme leader, explained the NOBV’s background and objectives from the studio;
Gilles Erkens, researcher at Deltares and leader of the NOBV research consortium, told us more about the measurement sites and methods as well as the measures taken to impact greenhouse gas emissions;
NKB knowledge brokers Erik Jansen (Water infiltration systems) and Roelof Westerhof (Wet crops) were there to answer questions on these topics;
Chris van Naarden (Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) explained the role of the Regiegroep Veenweiden (Peatlands Region Group);
Mini-vlogs gave viewers a look at things in the field at various research sites.

Calculation rules

The reduction in national CO2 emissions in peatland areas must be monitored annually, in order to determine whether the Climate Agreement reduction target of 1 Mton from peatlands will actually be achieved in the long term. SOMERS (Subsurface Organic Matter Emission Registration System) has been developed for this purpose. With SOMERS, calculation rules have been determined that can act as an indicative support in determining the effects that proposed measures have on greenhouse gas emissions in peatland areas. They are estimates for ‘characteristic’ situations in three different regions of the Netherlands. The main objective of the models used to draw up these calculation rules is to monitor the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and therefore look at the peatland areas with controlled water levels throughout the whole of the Netherlands.

The calculation rules for the ‘characteristic’ situations in three different regions of the Netherlands and an explanation of the use of the calculation rules can be found here.

Eerste bevindingen NOBV

Achtergrond NOBV

In het Klimaatakkoord is afgesproken dat de emissie uit veenweiden moet worden verminderd met 1,0 Mton CO2 per jaar in 2030. Om meer inzicht te krijgen in de huidige emissies en de effecten van maatregelen op de broeikasgasemissies is het Nationaal Onderzoeksprogramma Broeikasgassen Veenweiden (NOBV) gestart in december 2019. Het NOBV meet op verschillende locaties verspreid door het Nederlandse veenweidebied aan verschillende maatregelen: waterinfiltratiesystemen, natte teelten en bodemaanpassing.

Eerste bevindingen

De onderzoeksresultaten van het NOBV worden in 2024 opgeleverd. In het najaar van 2021 zijn de eerste twee meetjaren afgerond en zijn de eerste bevindingen opgetekend in een data-analyserapport. Een belangrijke constatering na deze eerste twee meetjaren is dat de werking en effectiviteit van maatregelen complex is. Effecten van maatregelen zijn afhankelijk van specifieke condities. Resultaten kunnen dus per gebied en van jaar tot jaar verschillen. Dat betekent dat huidige bevindingen voorlopig zijn; er zijn meer meetjaren nodig om conclusies te kunnen trekken. De eerste bevindingen zijn onder te verdelen in vijf hoofdpunten:

De effectiviteit van maatregelen is afhankelijk van omstandigheden zoals het weer, de bodemopbouw, doorlatendheid, kwel en wegzijging, en de wijze van aanleg van de maatregel. Inzicht in de rol en wisselwerking van deze condities is noodzakelijk om de emissies en de effectiviteit van maatregelen beter te kunnen voorspellen.
Het verhogen van het slootwaterpeil heeft een reducerend effect op de CO2-uitstoot. Daarbij zien we dat bij een slootwaterpeil tussen de grofweg -20 cm en de -50/60 cm beneden maaiveld onderwaterdrainage verdere reductie oplevert.
Bij natte teelten en bij een hoge grondwaterstand rondom maaiveld (dit geldt ook voor natuur) kan methaanemissie een grote rol spelen. Meer inzicht in de processen achter deze emissie moet duidelijk maken wat de methaanemissie veroorzaakt en welke mogelijkheden er zijn om de emissies van deze teelt te beperken.
Metingen en modeluitkomsten kennen nog onzekerheden. Langjarig meten en verdere analyse van mechanismen in de bodem is daarom noodzakelijk.
Het framework voor het monitoren van de voortgang van CO2-reducerende maatregelen in het veenweidegebied ligt er. De komende jaren zullen met meer data de onzekerheden in de uitkomsten verder worden verkleind.

Vervolg onderzoek

In de komende jaren worden de metingen op de bestaande locaties voortgezet en wordt het aantal meetlocaties verder uitgebreid. Zo komen er meetlocaties bij waar aan de nieuwe maatregel klei in veen gemeten gaat worden. Ook worden er verkennende metingen aan verschillende natte teelten, zoals veenmos, cranberry en miscanthus, opgezet. Daarmee wordt het inzicht in de effecten van deze maatregelen vergroot. Door meer data te vergaren worden de onzekerheden steeds verder verkleind.

Rapportages

De rapportages vindt u hier:
> Operationele jaarrapportage 2020-2021
> Data-analyse 2020-2021
> Meetprotocol

Haalbaarheidsstudies

Het NOBV doet onderzoek naar de uitstoot van broeikasgassen uit veen en de effectiviteit van maatregelen daartegen. Daarbij is de maatschappelijke en technische haalbaarheid van maatregelen ook van belang. Daarom zijn er in 2020 een aantal studies geïnitieerd waarin is gekeken naar verschillende aspecten van haalbaarheid. Welke thema’s zijn onderzocht?

Waterkwantiteit en waterbeheer (over het effect op de waterverdeling en waterbeschikbaarheid)
Biodiversiteit, bodem- en waterkwaliteit (over het effect op de biodiversiteit en kwaliteit van water en bodem)
Bedrijfsvoering (over het effect op bedrijfsvoering en de overgang naar een andere bedrijfsvoering)
Betaalbaarheid (over de kosten en baten van maatregelen op bedrijfsniveau en op maatschappelijk niveau)
Kennisdeling (over de kennisbehoefte van en kennisdeling tussen stakeholders)
Governance (over de rolverdeling tussen stakeholders en inzetbaarheid van juridische instrumenten). Hierbij is ook gekeken naar de mogelijkheden om peilbeheer in te zetten om bodemdaling tegen te gaan.

In deze zes deelstudies is geïnventariseerd welke factoren van invloed zijn op de haalbaarheid van maatregelen en of hierover voldoende kennis beschikbaar is. Daarbij is ook onderzocht wat er nodig is om maatregelen haalbaar te maken.

Meer weten over de haalbaarheidsstudies of de webinars over deze studies bekijken? Kijk dan hier.

Voortgangsrapportage 2020

De voortgang van het NOBV wordt jaarlijks vastgelegd in een voortgangsrapportage. Voor het eerste meetjaar (1 september 2019 tot 1 juli 2020) is de rapportage is een weergave van de inhoudelijke stand van zaken van het onderzoeksprogramma. In dit eerste onderzoeksjaar waren de activiteiten gericht op het inhoudelijk en organisatorisch inrichten van het onderzoeksprogramma. De rapportage geeft de inhoudelijke voortgang weer. Er worden nog geen resultaten beschreven; daarvoor zijn immers meerdere meetjaren nodig.

Inmiddels zijn er acht werkende meetlocaties, die representatief zijn voor de verschillende veentypen die Nederland kent. In het eerste onderzoeksjaar is allereerst op de eerste vijf locaties bepaald welke maatregelen voldoende meetbaar zijn. Concreet betekent dat de maatregelen een bepaalde schaal hebben en al uitgevoerd zijn. Daarbij is vooral gekeken naar lopende pilots. Dit heeft geresulteerd in het meten aan de volgende typen maatregelen waarin ook de variatie in de ondergrond is meegenomen:

waterinfiltratiesystemen (onderwaterdrainage, drukdrainage, verhoogd slootpeil);
natte teelt.

In het eerste meetjaar is ook gewerkt aan het opstellen van een meetprotocol voor het meten van broeikasgasuitstoot en bodemdaling in het veenweidegebied. Dit meetprotocol wordt de komende jaren steeds geactualiseerd en aangevuld.

Download hier de samenvatting van de jaarrapportage. Deze is ook te bekijken via de STOWA-website.
Download hier de volledige jaarrapportage.
Download hier het meetprotocol.

Webinars and Knowledge exchange venture

NOBV regularly organizes webinars. The recordings
can be found on this page. This also includes
recordings of the Knowledge Exchange Venture
that NOBV organized from the end of 2020 to
mid-2022 in collaboration with the National
Knowledge Program for Land Subsidence (NKB)
and webinars in collaboration with the Netherlands
Peatland Innovation Program (VIPNL).

Webinar SOMERS 2.0, calculation rules and dashboard, January 29, 2024

New possibilities of SOMERS 2.0, application and use of calculation rules and dashboard

>> Watch the webinar here

Presenter Pui Mee Chan (NOBV/STOWA program manager) talked to Marieke de Groot (Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) about the why of SOMERS, the calculation rules and the dashboard and about the subsidy scheme Cooperation in peat meadows and transition areas N2000;
Roel Melman and Siem Jansen, both consultants in soil and groundwater systems at Deltares, provided a substantive explanation of SOMERS 2.0 and the calculation rules;
Ingrid Jensen and Lisette Avis, both geohydrologists at Royal HaskoningDHV, explained the dashboard.

VIPNL/NOBV Webinar Wet crops, December 4, 2023

Types of cultivation, cultivation challenges, earning potential

>> Watch the webinar here

Presenter Roel van Gerwen (Natural Affairs/VIPNL) talked to Arnoud de Vries (Natural Affairs/VIPNL) and Pui Mee Chan (NOBV/STOWA) about the state of research into wet crops;
Jeroen Pijlman (Louis Bolk Institute) discussed different types of wet cultivation;
Abco de Buck (Louis Bolk Institute) gave a presentation about cultivation challenges and first results;
Peter van der Maas (Van Hall Larenstein University) discussed the market for wet crops and revenue models.

Webinar Three years of NOBV: where are we?, July 3, 2023

Measure-effect relationships, methane emissions, modeling

>> Watch the webinar here

NOBV program manager Pui Mee Chan (STOWA) gave a brief introduction to the research program.
Postdoc researcher Ralf Aben (Radboud University Nijmegen), researcher Merit van den Berg (Vrije Universiteit), postdoc researcher Alexander Buzacott (Vrije Universiteit) and leader of the NOBV research consortium Gilles Erkens (Deltares/Utrecht University) discussed, among other things, the state of affairs after three years of measuring, groundwater level and measure-effect relationships, methane emissions and modelling.
Douwe Jonkers (Veen program manager/Ministry of LNV) and Chris van Naarden (chairman of the knowledge sub-working group/Ministry of LNV) joined us for a discussion about the task in rural areas and for a look at the continuation of the program.

VIPNL/NOBV Webinar Veenmos, June 5, 2023

Peat development, peat moss cultivation, substrates

>> Watch the webinar here

Ecologist Ron van ‘t Veer discussed the origins of raised bogs in Western Netherlands and peat development today.
Gijs van Dijk (researcher at B-Ware) explained the experiment with peat moss in the Ilperveld.
Marco Zevenhoven, deputy director at the European knowledge center for substrates RHP, gave a presentation about the future of the potting soil and substrate industry.
Presenter Roel van Gerwen discussed the broader future perspective of peat moss with Arjan van Rijn (director of the Amstel, Gooi and Vecht Water Board and dairy farmer), Peter de Ruyter (Landscape Architect), Maarten Breedveld (program and project leader of Nature Restoration of Peat Meadows at the South Holland Landscape).

Webinar Measuring ground movement with LiDAR and InSAR, April 3, 2023

Ground movement, measuring techniques, satellite measurements

> Watch the webinar here

Researcher and advisor Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares) discussed soil movement and different methods to measure soil movement. How much do peat soils actually move in a year? Why is it important to measure this and what measurement methods are available?
Ramon Hanssen, professor of Geodesy (surveying) and Satellite Earth Observation at TU Delft, showed the latest developments and insights into the use of InSAR for measuring ground movement.
Roeland de Zeeuw, Managing Director at Shore Monitoring & Research, gave a presentation about the use of LiDAR. What do we now know about measuring ground movement with LiDAR?

VIPNL/NOBV Webinar 30 January 2023: Clay in peat

Mechanisms in the soil, field trials, lab trials, availability of clay

>> Watch the webinar here

Mariet Hefting (Utrecht University/NOBV/VIPNL) gave a presentation on mechanisms in the soil. Why does peat break down and what effect does adding clay have on the process of peat degradation and on greenhouse gas emissions?
Maaike van Agtmaal (Louis Bolk Institute/VIPNL) discussed practical tests with clay in peat. Which pilots are running? How many types of clay are there actually and is each type of clay usable?
Moderator Frank Lenssinck (VIC/VIPNL) talked to Bernd van den Berg, Policy Advisor on subsidence in peat meadows at the Schieland and Krimpenerwaard Water Board, and Joyce Zuijdam (Rijkswaterstaat) about the possibilities and conditions for application in practice.

VIPNL/NOBV Webinar 21 November 2022: Farming at a high groundwater level

Mechanisms in the soil, practical tests, greenhouse gas measurements

>> Watch the webinar here

Joost Keuskamp (Utrecht University/NOBV) gave a presentation on soil mechanisms. Why does peat break down and why is it important to understand these mechanisms?
Idse Hoving (WUR) discussed practical tests with a high groundwater level. Ype van der Velde (VU University/NOBV) then discussed the greenhouse gas emissions from these field trials.
Presenter Roel van Gerwen (VIPNL) talked to Wim Honkoop (PPP Agro-advies) and dairy farmer Frank de Wit about their experiences in the field with a high groundwater level.
Finally, Roel van Gerwen and Bert de Groot, Hoogheemraadschap de Stichtse Rijnlanden and a farmer, discussed the state of affairs.

Knowledge exchange venture 30 May 2022: measurements with eddy covariance, nitrous oxide measurements, spatial variation, scaling up and aircraft measurements

The knowledge exchange venture of 30 May took place in collaboration with the National Soil Subsidence Knowledge Program (NKB), Wageningen University (WU) and TNO.

>> Click here to watch this Knowledge Exchange Venture

Bart Kruijt, researcher at WU in the field of climate change, carbon cycle, land-atmosphere interactions and the Amazon, discussed measuring the variation in CO2 and methane emissions with fixed and mobile eddy covariance;
Researcher Arnoud Frumau of TNO explained nitrous oxide measurements using eddy covariance and advanced equipment;
Ronald Hutjes, associate professor of land use-climate interactions at WU, zoomed in on integrating measurements between the plot and landscape scale with the aircraft measurements that WU performs within the NOBV.

Knowledge exchange venture 28 maart: mobile measurements, biochemical processes, nitrogen and the carbon cycle and innovations in measuring equipment

>> Watch this Knowledge exchange venture here

Junior researcher Tom Heuts and Reinder Nouta, project leader and researcher at Wetterskip Fryslan, explained the mobile measurements that the RUN performs within the NOBV.
Researcher Christian Fritz and Fons Smolder, professor by special appointment of biogeochemistry, discussed biochemical processes, nitrogen and the carbon cycle.
Post-doc researcher Ralf Aben, together with PhD student Judith van der Knaap, zoomed in on locations where Radboud University conducts research and on innovations in the field of measuring equipment.

Webinar December 9, 2021. Two years of NOBV: where are we?

Climate tasking, greenhouse gas measurements, soil processes, modelling, monitoring

>> Watch the webinar here

Moderator Inge Diepman talked to NOBV program manager Pui Mee Chan (STOWA/NOBV) and Gilles Erkens (Deltares/UU), leader of the NOBV research consortium, about the background of the research and the initial findings.
Ralf Aben (Radboud University Nijmegen) discussed measuring greenhouse gases.
Mariet Hefting (Utrecht University) explained the soil processes that cause greenhouse gases.
Jim Boonman (VU University) explained how findings can be modeled to better predict effects.
Gilles Erkens (Deltares/Utrecht University) discussed the monitoring of measures in the peat meadow area to combat greenhouse gases and the need for long-term measurements.
Finally, Douwe Jonkers (Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) joined to discuss the tasking in rural areas and the translation of data into policy.

VIPNL/NOBV webinar 5 October 2021: Cattail cultivation in the Dutch peat meadow area: where are we?

Pilots, sales opportunities, life cycle assessment, harvesting methods and carrying capacity, harvest time, nutrients and water, greenhouse gas measurements

>> Watch the webinar here

Moderator Pui Mee Chan (STOWA/program leader NOBV) talked to Ed Buijs (municipality of Amsterdam) about the pilot in the Burkmeer, among others.
Jeroen Pijlman (Louis Bolk Institute) gave an overview of pilots in the Netherlands.
Gerben Nij Bijvank (The Spring Company) discussed the market and sales opportunities for cattail.
Marle de Jong explained the life cycle assessment (LCA) of cattail as insulation board material.
Youri Egas (KTC Zegveld) and Monique Bestman (Louis Bolk Institute) visualized the construction of a plot of cattail, harvesting methods and carrying capacity of cattail.
Jeroen Pijlman and Monique Bestman zoomed in on aspects such as harvest time, nutrients and water.
Researcher Merit van den Berg (VU University) discussed greenhouse gas emissions from cattail cultivation.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 27 September 2021: subsidence research, modeling with SWAP-ANIMO, peat columns and nitrous oxide measurements

Soil, Water and Land Use researcher Rudi Hessel gave a brief explanation of the NOBV measurement sites in Zegveld and Lange Weide;
Hydrology researcher Harry Massop zoomed in on the ongoing subsidence research performed by WENR in Zegveld as part of the NOBV, and on the connection between subsidence processes and greenhouse gas emissions;
Soil physics and mechanics researcher Jan van den Akker examined modelling with SWAP-ANIMO, and PhD candidate Erne Blondeau discussed the peat column experiments that are being carried out for modelling purposes;
Finally, PhD candidate Jordy van ‘t Hull gave an explanation of the nitrous oxide measurements that WENR carries out within the NOBV.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 7 June 2021: Microbial processes in the soil that lead to peat degradation

>> Click here to watch this Knowledge Exchange Venture.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 15 March 2021: soil subsidence in relation to greenhouse gas emissions in peat meadow areas

In the Knowledge Exchange Venture of 15 March 2021, we collaborated with Deltares and TU Delft to discuss subsidence in relation to greenhouse gas emissions in peatland.

>> Click here to watch the Knowledge Exchange Venture.

Gilles Erkens, researcher at Deltares and leader of the NOBV research consortium, zoomed in on the connection between soil subsidence processes and greenhouse gas emissions in peatland;
Researcher Sanneke van Asselen (Deltares) examined the measurement of soil movement, various measurement methods, and the initial measurement results and findings;
We went into the field for a look at a soil sampling at one of the research sites, and also to the lab where the sampling, peat description and compression tests are carried out. Click here to watch the video.
Finally, Ramon Hanssen, Professor of Geodesy (surveying) and Satellite Earth Observation at TU Delft, gave an explanation of the use of InSAR in peatland.

Knowledge Exchange Venture 14 December 2020: hydrology, Peatland-VU model and the effects of water management and the (climatic and hydrological) environment on conditions for microbes

On 14 December 2020, we organised an online Knowledge Exchange Venture in collaboration with VU Amsterdam.

>> Click here to watch this Knowledge Exchange Venture.

Issues covered in this edition:

Researcher Ype van der Velde (VU Amsterdam) gave an overview of the research currently undertaken by VU Amsterdam on the effects that measures have on greenhouse gas emissions;
Ko van Huissteden (VU Amsterdam) discussed the Peatland-VU model and the complexity of modelling CO₂ and methane fluxes from the soil;
PhD candidate Jim Boonman (VU Amsterdam) zoomed in on his research into the effects of water management and the (climatological and hydrological) environment on conditions for microbes, in order to evaluate the vulnerability of peat soils. For his presentation, Jim Boonman also made a vlog from the field. You can view it here.

What issues were covered in this edition?

Pui Mee Chan, Knowledge Exchange Venture leader and NOBV programme leader, explained the NOBV’s background and objectives from the studio;
Gilles Erkens, researcher at Deltares and leader of the NOBV research consortium, told us more about the measurement sites and methods as well as the measures taken to impact greenhouse gas emissions;
NKB knowledge brokers Erik Jansen (Water infiltration systems) and Roelof Westerhof (Wet crops) were there to answer questions on these topics;
Chris van Naarden (Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality) explained the role of the Regiegroep Veenweiden (Peatlands Region Group);
Mini-vlogs gave viewers a look at things in the field at various research sites.